Ⅴ、目前进行时
1. 形式：
1) 目前进行时由助动词am, is, are+目前分词构成。第一人称单数用am，第三人称单数用is，别的人称一律用are。
2) 目前分词由动词原形+ing构成，如learning, making, sTOPping等。
2. 基本使用方法
4) 用在此刻正在进行的动作。
e.g. What are you doing here?
5) 表示现阶段正在进行的动作，而此刻并未必在进行。
e.g. We are doing an experiment this month..大家这个月在做一个实验。
3. 目前进行时态的否定结构:
e.g. We are doing an experiment this month. We are not
4. 目前进行时态的疑问句结构:
e.g. We are doing an experiment this month. Are you doing
训练与领会：
These people argue that manufacturing2 jobs, which have been the economic foundation3 of Americas middle class, are vanishing4. They claim that factory workers are being replaced with a host of low-wage earners.
Ⅵ、过去以后时
由shall或will的过去式should或would+动词原形构成。
表示在过去某一时刻之后将要发生的动作或状况。过去以后时态假如出目前从句中， 则主句谓语动词一般是是一般过去时。如：
e.g. We wanted to know when the English class would begin.
过去以后时的否定和疑问结构：
e.g. We would like to have some hamburgers.
e.g. We would not like to have some hamburgers.
e.g. Would you like to have some hamburgers?
训练与领会：
From then on humans would increasingly5 make their living from the controlled production of a few plants.
earn [get, make] one's living 谋生
Ⅶ、过去进行时
过去进行时由was +目前分词构成。
表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作，一般带有一个表示过去时间的状语或时间状语从句结构
e.g. We were having a meeting at two thirty yesterday afternoon.
训练与领会：
As he turned out his pocket to find enough money he saw the gentleman was watching him with amu百度竞价推广ent.. Donald realized that he was in quite an awkward6 situation, but the man was smiling.
Ⅷ、过去完成时
由had+过去分词构成该时态的谓语,各人称都一样。
表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成的动作,这个到过去某一时刻为止的时间常用by, before等介词或连词引导的短语或从句以状语形式来表示。
e.g. By the end of July last year, I had worked for forty years.
注意：
含有after, as soon as, before等连词引导的状语从句的复合句中，因为连词本身已明确动作发生的次序,所以,这个从句也可以用一般过去时表示，不需要过去完成时。如：
e.g. Students went out after the bell rang. 铃响后同学们出去了
e.g. I informed him of the progress of the work as soon as I arrived here
我一到这里就把工作进程告诉了他。
训练与领会：
The Cherokees refused to go. They had lived on their lands for centuries.
When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4,000 had died.
以下还有两种时态偶尔大家也会会在职称英语的文章中遇见：
Ⅸ、以后完成时
第一人称:shall +have+过去分词
2、三人称:will + have+过去分词
表示在以后某一时刻之前完成的动作。如:
e.g. By this time next year they will have built a hotel here.
e.g. Hurry up! Or the train will have left before we get to the station.
2005年理工类阅读理解部分考试试题文章:
From Almost Human?
Scientists are racing7 to build the worlds first thinking robot. That is not science fiction: some say they will have made it by the year 2020.
Ⅹ、目前完成进行时
第三人称单数:has + been+ 目前分词
其余人称:have + been+ 目前分词
表示从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到目前的动作,或许会继续进行下去或是到说话时结束,但强调到说话时为止一直在进行的动作。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。如:for years, since early morning等。
e.g. They have been studying English for years.
e.g. He has been done English since early morning.
do: 处置;维修;整理;洗;整;预备;解答
do the dishes 刷碗
do one's face 整容，化妆
do one's hair 梳头发，做头发
do the room [kitchen]整理房间[厨房]
do one's homework 做作业，做功
